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MC 196

Rogers, Edith Nourse, 1881-1960. Papers, 1854-1961: A Finding Aid

Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America

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Radcliffe College
June 1974

© 1974 Radcliffe College

Descriptive Summary

Call No.: MC 196
Repository: Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute
Creator: EDITH NOURSE ROGERS, 1881-1960
Title: Papers, 1854, 1881-1961
Quantity: Twenty-five boxes, 2 oversize folders,10 oversize items,15 reels of microfilm (M-57), 6 phonograph records,1 motion picture, 2 supersize folders, and 1 folio+ folder, 2 folio folder
Abstract: Correspondence, speeches, photographs, etc., of Edith Nourse Rogers, Republican Congresswoman.

Processing Information:

Processed: March 1974
By: Katherine Gray Kraft

Acquisition Information:

Accession number: 1332
The papers of Edith Nourse Rogers were deposited with the Schlesinger Library in February 1968 by the Veterans Administration Hospital, Bedford, Massachusetts.
Oversize scrapbooks (volumes 3o-47o), consisting mainly of clippings re: ENR were microfilmed in 1980 under a grant from The George F. and Sybil H. Fuller Foundation, Worcester, Massachusetts, and returned to the donor. Volumes 1o and 2o, re: JJR, were also returned.

BIOGRAPHY

Edith Nourse Rogers, Republican Congresswoman from the Fifth District of Massachusetts, was born March 19, 1881 in Saco, Maine. She graduated from Rogers Hall School in Lowell, Massachusetts and Madame Julien's School in Paris, France. In 1907 she married John Jacob Rogers, who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1913 until his death in 1925. During World War I, ENR served in France and England on a special assignment from President Wilson to survey medical care of wounded American soldiers, and was also a Red Cross nurse in France. In 1922, following four additional years of Red Cross work in Walter Reed Hospital, ENR was appointed by President Harding as his personal representative to oversee the care of disabled veterans. She was reappointed to this position by President Coolidge in 1923 and President. Hoover in 1929. ENR again served overseas during World War II, inspecting soldiers' care, under a special assignment from President Roosevelt.
Mrs. Rogers was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives during the 69th Congress, on June 30, 1925, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of her husband. She was re-elected to every successive Congress, and died in office on September 10, 1960. Legislation attributed to ENR includes the improvement of the American Foreign Service; the establishment of the Women's Army Corps (WAC); the enactment of the G.I. Bill of Rights; the enactment of the bill for Korean Veterans Benefits; the establishment of a permanent Nurse Corps for veterans; and many other laws providing aid and assistance to permanently disabled American war veterans.
Although forced to give up her position on the Foreign Affairs Committee upon assuming the Chairmanship of Veterans' Affairs, Mrs. Rogers continued her interest in U.S. foreign policy. She vigorously opposed Vice President Nixon's proposal to intervene in Indochina in 1954 because she fervently believed that, "If America is to strike a blow at Communism, it must be struck at Moscow, the heart of Communism." She was a strong supporter of Senator Joseph McCarthy, and of military predominance, and opposed the admittance of the People's Republic of China to the United Nations; other favorite causes included highway safety, cancer research, and legislation to help Massachusetts' Fifth District.
Congresswoman Rogers received awards and citations from veterans' and other groups, including the American Legion's Distinguished Service Medal. She was the recipient of honorary degrees from Tufts College, Bates College, Staley College, Washington College of Law, and the Lowell Textile Institute.

SCOPE AND CONTENT

This collection includes correspondence received by ENR as Chairman of the House Veterans' Affairs Committee, and correspondence with constituents; analyses of ENR's voting record in Congress; speeches in the House, over radio, before veterans' and other groups, and for various events; campaign material; citations and awards; photographs; newsclippings; and sympathy letters concerning her death.

ADDITIONAL CATALOG ENTRIES

American Liberty League
American Legion
Blackwell, Alice Stone, 1857-1950
Burke, Arleigh, 1901-
Collins, John Frederick, 1919-
Coolidge, Calvin, 1872-1933
Coolidge, Grace (Goodhue), 1879-1957
Daughters of the American Revolution
Dewey, Thomas Edmund, 1902-
Dirksen, Everett McKinley, 1896-
Disabled American Veterans
Eisenhower, Dwight David, 1890-1972
Federal Employees Veterans Association
Forrestal, James, 1892-1949
Fuller, Alvan Tufts, 1878-1958
Harding, Warren Gamaliel, 1865-1923
Herter, Christian Archibald, 1895-1967
Hobby, Olveta Culp, 1905-
Hoover, Herbert, 1874-1964
Inter-American Conference on Problems of War and Peace, Mexico City, 1945
Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr., 1902-
McCormack, John William, 1891-
Martin, Joseph William, Jr., 1884-1968
Miller, Frieda Segelke, 1889-1973
Nixon, Richard, 1913-
Pearson, Drew, 1897-1969
Powell, Rose Arnold, 1876-1961
Rayburn, Samuel Taliaferro, 1882-1961
Roosevelt, Eleanor (Roosevelt), 1884-1962
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 1882-1945
Saltonstall, Leverett, 1892-
Scott, Hugh Doggett, Jr., 1900-
Taft, Robert Alphonso, 1889-1953
Thurmond, Strom, 1902-
Truman, Harry S, 1884-1973
Veterans' Administration
Veterans of Foreign Wars
Weeks, Edward Augustus, Jr., 1898-
Women's Overseas Service League
Anthony, Susan Brownell, 1820-1906
Labor laws and legislation
Lowell, Massachusetts
McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957
Nurses and nursing
Page, William Tyler, 1868-1942
Rogers, John Jacob, 1881-1925
U.S. House of Representatives
Veterans
Women in politics
Women's Army Corps
Women's Field Army
World War, 1939-1945

SUMMARY OF INVENTORY

CONTAINER LIST

INVENTORY

INDEX

EDITH NOURSE ROGERS COLLECTION

The following materials were returned to the Veterans' Administration Hospital in Bedford, Massachusetts by the Schlesinger Library.

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